Trying to change category of wp_query

I'm trying to change the category of the main loop, after printing posts from each category. The page shows:

1. 3 most recent posts
2. 3 posts from first category
3. 3 posts from second category
4. 3 posts from third category
5. 3 posts from fourth category

The category-specific posts can't be from the most recent.

The category-specific posts aren't right, though. I see posts, but they're not from the right category!

Here's my template. It uses blade, so slightly different syntax, but more or less the same as PHP.

  @php
    $args = array(
      'numberposts' = 3,
      'fields'      = 'ids'
    );
    $posts = new WP_Query( $args );
  @endphp

  @include ('partials.content-lh-post-previews', ['featured_text' = true, 'limit' = 3, 'headline' = 'Recent Articles', 'include_cat' = true])
  

  {{-- Posts by category --}}
  @php
    $args  = array(
      'taxonomy' = 'category',
      'parent' = 0,
      'fields' = 'ids',
      'meta_key' = 'category_weight',
      'orderby' = 'meta_value_num'
    );

    $terms = get_terms($args);
  @endphp


  @foreach ($terms as $index = $term)
    @php wp_reset_postdata(); @endphp
    @php
      $posts-query['cat'] = [$term];
      $term_name = get_term( $term )-name;
      $headline = $index == 0 ? 'Featured Stories' : '';
    @endphp

    @include ('partials.content-lh-post-previews', ['featured_text' = false, 'limit' = 3, 'supertext' = $term_name, 'view_more' = $term, 'headline' = $headline])
  @endforeach

And the template partial I call on lines 9 and 34:

?php 
    $count = 0;
?
@if ($posts)
    section class=post-preview-section
        div class=wrapper
            @if ( isset($headline)  $headline )
                h2 class=header header-large post-preview-section-headline{{ $headline }}/h2
            @endif
            @isset ( $supertext )
                label class=post-preview-section-supertext supertext{{ $supertext }}/label
            @endisset
            div class=post-preview-container{{ isset($view_more) ? ' view-more' : '' }}
                ?php while ($posts-have_posts()  $count  $limit) : $posts-the_post(); ?
                    @php
                        $image = get_field('small_image');
                        $title = get_the_title();
                        $copy  = $featured_text ? get_field('featured_text') : null; // only show post copy if is latest section
                        if ( isset($include_cat)  $include_cat ) :
                            $cat = get_field('main_category')['label'];
                        endif;
                    @endphp
                    a class=post-preview href={{ get_the_permalink() }}
                        @if ( $image )
                            img src={{ $image }} class=post-preview-image
                        @endif
                        div class=post-preview-copy-area
                            @isset( $include_cat )
                                label class=post-preview-supertext?php echo $cat ?/label
                            @endisset
                            h3 class=header header--small post-preview-title{!! $title !!}/h3
                            @if ( $copy )
                                div class=post-preview-copy{!! $copy !!}/div
                            @endif
                            div class=arrow post-preview-linkRead the article/div
                        /div
                    /a
                    ?php $count++; ?
                ?php endwhile; ?
                @isset($view_more)
                    @php
                        $term       = get_term($view_more);
                        $term_icon  = get_field('category_icon', $term);
                        $term_color = get_field('category_color', $term);
                        $term_link  = get_category_link($view_more);
                        $term_name  = $term-name;


                    @endphp
                    a href={{ $term_link }} class=post-preview post-preview-more style=background-color: {{ $term_color }}
                        @if ( $term_icon )
                            div style=background-color: {{ $term_color }} class=post-preview-more-icon-container post-preview-image
                                img src={{ $term_icon['url'] }} class=post-preview-more-icon alt={{ $term_icon['alt'] }}
                            /div
                        @endif
                        div class=post-preview-copy-area
                            h3 class=post-preview-title header header--smallMore {{ $term_name }} Articles/h3
                            div class=arrow post-preview-linkView all/div
                        /div
                    /a
                @endisset
            /div
        /div
    /section
@endif

@php wp_reset_postdata() @endphp

Why isn't the category working?